By Walter E. Williams
Before the massive growth of our welfare state, private charity was the sole option for an individual or family facing insurmountable financial difficulties or other challenges.
How do we know that?
There is no
history of Americans dying on the streets because they could not find food or
basic medical assistance.
Respecting the biblical commandment to honor thy
father and mother, children took care of their elderly or infirm parents.
Family members and the local church also helped those who had fallen on hard
times.
During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, charities
started playing a major role. In 1887, religious leaders founded the Charity
Organization Society, which became the first United Way organization.
In 1904,
Big Brothers Big Sisters of America started helping at-risk youths reach their
full potential.
In 1913, the American Cancer Society, dedicated to curing and
eliminating cancer, was formed.
With their millions of dollars, industrial
giants such as Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller created our nation's
first philanthropic organizations.
Generosity has always been a part of the American genome.
Alexis de Tocqueville, a French civil servant, made a nine-month visit to our
country in 1831 and 1832, ostensibly to study our prisons. Instead, his visit
resulted in his writing "Democracy in America," one of the most influential
books about our nation.
Tocqueville didn't use the term
"philanthropy," but he wrote extensively about how Americans love to
form all kinds of nongovernmental associations to help one another. These
associations include professional, social, civic and other volunteer
organizations seeking to serve the public good and improve the quality of human
lives.
The bottom line is that we Americans are the most generous people in
the world, according to the new Almanac of American Philanthropy -- something
we should be proud of.
Before the welfare state, charity embodied both a sense
of gratitude on the behalf of the recipient and magnanimity on the behalves of
donors. There was a sense of civility by the recipients.
They did not feel that
they were owed, were entitled to or had a right to the largesse of the donor.
Recipients probably felt that if they weren't civil and didn't express their
gratitude, more assistance wouldn't be forthcoming. In other words, they were
reluctant to bite the hand that helped them.
With churches and other private
agencies helping, people were much likelier to help themselves and less likely
to engage in self-destructive behavior.
Part of the message of charitable
groups was: "We'll help you if you help yourself."
Enter the federal government.
Civility and gratitude
toward one's benefactors are no longer required in the welfare state.
In
fact, one can be arrogant and hostile toward the "donors"
(taxpayers), as well as the civil servants who dish out the benefits.
The
handouts that recipients get are no longer called charity; they're called
entitlements -- as if what is received were earned.
There is virtually no material poverty in the
U.S.
Eighty percent of households the Census Bureau labels as poor have air
conditioning; nearly three-quarters have a car or truck, and 31 percent have
two or more. Two-thirds have cable or satellite TV. Half have at least one
computer. Forty-two
percent own their homes.
What we have in our nation is
not material poverty but dependency and poverty of the spirit, with people
making unwise choices and leading pathological lives, aided and abetted by the
welfare state. Part of this pathological lifestyle is reflected in family
structure.
According to the 1938 Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences, that
year 11 percent of black children and 3 percent of white children were born to
unwed mothers.
Today it's respectively 75 percent and 30 percent.
There are very little guts in the political arena to
address the downside of the welfare state. To do so risks a politician's being
labeled as racist, sexist, uncaring and insensitive. That means today's
dependency is likely to become permanent.
